Oktober 2014

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Risks of Artificial Sweeteners

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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Risks of Artificial Sweeteners</td></tr>
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Each man-made sweeteners along with selected instinct microbes get previously recently been associated with weight problems, along with good most recent investigation, man-made sweeteners may possibly elevate your current danger connected with diabetes by simply disrupting your current intestinal microflora. According to the creators of these studies with the extensively marketed research: 1<br />
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"We illustrate that utilization of commonly used non-caloric man-made sweeteners products hard disks the particular growth connected with carbs and glucose intolerance through induction connected with compositional along with useful changes towards intestinal microbiota. inch<br />
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The particular research workers discovered that man-made sweeteners adjust selected metabolic walkways regarding metabolic sickness, which it can cause instinct dysbiosis along with carbs and glucose intolerance in in any other case nutritious folks.<br />
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Sugar intolerance is often a situation by which the body seems to lose it is power to deal with excessive levels of sugar, and it is a new well-known precursor in order to kind 2 diabetes. What's more, it results in weight problems, for the reason that extra sugar in your body ends up staying located in your extra fat tissue.<br />
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The fact that artificial sweeteners may exacerbate metabolic disorders like diabetes is a severe blow to diabetics who dutifully follow recommendations to switch to diet foods and beverages in order to control their diabetes.<br />
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    The fact that artificial sweeteners are NOT a dieter’s nor a diabetic’s best friend has been known by researchers for some time. The problem is that it hasn’t received the necessary traction in the media—until now.2, 3<br />
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        "Collectively, our results link non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage," the researchers note.<br />
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Artificial Sweeteners Can Cause Glucose Intolerance by Altering Your Microbiome<br />
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    The researchers initially started out testing the artificial sweeteners saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose in mice, and were "surprised" when the mice developed glucose intolerance.<br />
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    As noted by New York University microbiologist Martin Blaser,4 no one had previously considered that artificial sweeteners might exacerbate metabolic disease by way of the microbiome.<br />
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    Of the three non-caloric sweeteners tested, saccharin had the most pronounced effect on glucose levels. This led to a human trial, in which data from 400 people enrolled in a nutritional study were assessed.<br />
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    Those who consumed high amounts of artificial sweeteners were found to have higher levels of HbA1C—a measure of blood sugar—compared to non-users or occasional users of artificial sweeteners.<br />
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    Seven volunteers who did not use artificial sweeteners were then recruited, and asked to consume the equivalent of 10-12 single-dose packets of artificial sweeteners daily for one week.<br />
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    Four of the seven people developed "significant disturbances in their blood glucose," according to the researchers. Some became pre-diabetic within just a few days!<br />
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    The reason for this dramatic shift was traced back to alterations in gut bacteria. Some bacteria were killed off, while others started proliferating. As noted in the featured NPR article:5<br />
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        "It could be that for some people who responded negatively to the artificial sweetener, the bacteria that got crowded out were helping to keep glucose in check."<br />
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    This mirrors previous research,6 which has found that bacterial populations in the gut of diabetics differ from non-diabetics.<br />
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    Another 2008 study demonstrated that sucralose can alter the microbiome in rats by reducing colonies of beneficial gut bacteria, and research published in Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology7 in 2012 revealed a potential link between aspartame and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Imbalanced gut flora has also been linked to obesity.<br />
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Compelling Results Suggest We Should Reconsider Widespread Use of Artificial Sweeteners<br />
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    In sharp contrast to many other studies, this one was actually able to clearly show causality, meaning there’s a direct cause and effect relationship between consuming artificial sweeteners and developing elevated blood sugar levels. As reported by The Scientist:8<br />
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        "Four weeks of treatment with gut bacteria-depleting antibiotics reversed the glucose intolerance in mice that continued to receive saccharin. This led the team to examine whether the microbiomes of the mice were somehow altering glucose metabolism.<br />
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        Transplantation of feces from non-antibiotic-treated mice that consumed saccharin- or glucose-containing water into germ-free mice within six days induced the same blood-sugar elevations in animals that were never themselves exposed to the sweeteners.<br />
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        'This is the elegant and home run experiment that shows causality in mice,' said [pathologist Cathryn] Nagler.<br />
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        Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing on the fecal samples, the researchers showed that mice given saccharin or those that received a fecal transplant from saccharin-fed mice had a different microbiome composition compared to mice given sugar or no sweeteners."<br />
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    Cathryn Nagler, who wrote an accompanying commentary9 in the journal Nature, said the findings were “very compelling,” noting that “the study suggests... we should step back and reassess our extensive use of artificial sweeteners.”<br />
<h4>
Aspartame Raises Insulin Levels as Much as Sugar</h4>
    Other studies have also linked artificial sweeteners to metabolic alterations that promote type 2 diabetes—contrary to conventional thinking and health recommendations.<br />
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    For example, one 2012 study10 found that chronic lifetime exposure to aspartame, commencing in utero, produced changes in blood glucose parameters in mice. Not only was aspartame found to decrease insulin sensitivity compared to controls, it also wrought havoc on brain function...<br />
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    Another study published in 2007 in the journal Diabetes Care11 found similar results. Here, the researchers investigated the effect of different macronutrient compositions on plasma glucose and insulin levels during an acute bout of exercise in men with type 2 diabetes.<br />
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    They hypothesized that using fructose or aspartame would have a lower impact on insulin release and glucose response than a sucrose-sweetened meal. Those of you who have been reading my articles featuring experts on sugar and fructose like Dr. Richard Johnson and Dr. Robert Lustig will immediately recognize this as a fatally flawed hypothesis. And indeed, that is what they discovered. According to the authors:<br />
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        "Contrary to all expectation, the aspartame breakfast induced a similar rise in glucose and insulin levels at baseline than the sucrose meal, even if the aspartame meal had the same taste, and was 22 percent lower in calories and 10 percent lower in carbohydrates, with an inferior glycemic index... Considering the lack of evidence on the aspartame utilization in patients with type 2 diabetes, we consider that these clinical observations, in an exercise setting, raise important concerns regarding the safety of aspartame as suggested by international guidelines."<br />
<h4>
Obesity Continues to Rise</h4>
    According to a recent JAMA study,12, 13 the obesity rate among American adults has continuously climbed over the last decade. Between 1999 and 2012, the average age-adjusted waist circumference increased from 95.5 centimeters (37 19⁄32 inches) to 98.5 centimeters (38 25⁄32 inches). Abdominal fat also rose from 46.4 percent in 1999-2000 to 54.2 percent in 2011-2012. The United Kingdom is facing a similar health crisis. According to September 17 article in Mail Online:14<br />
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        “Obesity is a ‘slow-motion car crash’ which is threatening to bankrupt the NHS, according to its chief executive. Simon Stevens said the problem is now more deadly than smoking and causing millions to suffer life-long illness and disability. He also revealed that – absurdly – the NHS is spending far more on drastic weight loss surgery than trying to prevent the problem in the first place. A quarter of adults and a fifth of children are now considered obese and the rates have almost doubled in 20 years...<br />
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        Next month, Mr. Stevens will publish a set of plans to tackle the problem which will see the NHS and private firms urged to do more to help staff lose weight. Doctors and nurses will be encouraged to be healthy role models for patients and hospitals told to ban junk food from canteens. NHS trusts and private companies will also be urged to help staff lose weight by holding slimming classes, running clubs or just providing bike racks at work. Mr. Stevens, who took up post last April, said: ‘Obesity is the new smoking, and it represents a slow-motion car crash in terms of avoidable illness and rising health care costs...” [Emphasis mine]<br />
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Artificial Sweeteners Can Severely Hinder Weight Management Efforts<br />
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    Those who switch to artificial sweeteners are typically carrying extra pounds and/or are diabetic, or prone to these conditions. Unfortunately, this may be the absolute worst diet change you could implement if you're overweight or diabetic. Research has repeatedly shown that artificially sweetened no- or low-calorie drinks and other "diet" foods tend to stimulate your appetite, increase cravings for carbs, stimulate fat storage and weight gain, and promote insulin resistance and diabetes.<br />
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    There are a number of different reasons for this. First of all, artificial sweeteners basically trick your body into thinking that it's going to receive sugar (calories), but when the sugar doesn't arrive, your body signals that it needs more, which results in carb cravings. This connection between sweet taste and increased hunger can be found in the medical literature going back at least two decades (see list of selected studies below). But artificial sweeteners also produce a variety of metabolic dysfunctions that promote weight gain—and now we can add gut dysbiosis and altered microbiome to that list!<br />
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    In 2011, the UT Health Science Center in San Antonio publicized the results of two important studies, saying:15<br />
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        "In the constant battle to lose inches or at least stay the same, we reach for the diet soda. Two studies presented [June 25, 2011] at the American Diabetes Association's Scientific Sessions suggest this might be self-defeating behavior. Epidemiologists from the School of Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio reported data showing that diet soft drink consumption is associated with increased waist circumference in humans, and a second study that found aspartame raised fasting glucose (blood sugar) in diabetes-prone mice...<br />
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        ‘Data from this and other prospective studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners as healthy alternatives may be ill-advised,’ said Helen P. Hazuda, Ph.D., professor and chief of the Division of Clinical Epidemiology in the School of Medicine. ‘They may be free of calories but not of consequences.’” [Emphasis mine]
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Risks of Artificial Sweeteners Each man-made sweeteners along with selected instinct microbes get previously recently been associated with weight problems, along with good most recent investigation, man-made sweeteners may possibly elevate your curr…

Obama's healthcare bill

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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="st"><i>Obama's</i> <i>healthcare bill.</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Barack Obama Medical Expenses intended for Medical Reform in america</b></span></h4>
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This <b>Obama Medical</b> Expenses is Obama's <b>health care bill</b> connected with reforms towards the insurance plan sector. This Obama Medical Reform Expenses reforms the actual <b>health care</b> sector by means of widening Medicaid and Medicare and creating a great insurance plan change share that provides affordable insurance plan in order to low-to-middle income People in the usa. This bill, often referred to as <b>ObamaCare</b>, involves quite a few procedures which target widening top quality, affordable medical insurance supporting tens connected with countless People in the usa uncover insurance. Let's carry a couple of minutes to share with you which kind of reforms are usually in Obama's medical bill (also named ObamaCare, and legally named Cost-effective Health care Act) and how the completely new rules aids help the ALL OF US medical process.</div>
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Obama Medical</div>
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<b>Precisely why Perform We end up needing the brand new Obama Medical Expenses?</b></h4>
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President Obama's Medical Expenses reforms in order to current medical process handle lengthy positioned troubles. Many areas of the current medical process tend to be unfair, uncertain, wasteful and not affordable. This Cost-effective Health care Act enacts reforms which be an aid to curtail the price tag on insurance plan, boost the products medical and expand consumer defenses and proper rights.</div>
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The modern medical bill has a solid target improving supervisor structured medical turning it into accessible to far more employees. This bill also helps make a number of upgrades in order to look after certain groupings including Females, Older persons and the who wouldn't in the past get Medicaid by means of widening Medicaid in order to in excess of 15 trillion People in the usa.</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Obama in Medical Reform</b></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Barrack Obama as well as the Federal government get got distinct that they trust Us Medical change. The modern rules, laid out within Obama's medical bill, seeks to create the actual Us health care process a head unit which operates intended for medical suppliers and customers.</div>
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The idea At the rear of the actual Healthcare Reform Expenses</div>
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The fundamental notion powering Obama's medical change bill is which people who can afford to buy health insurance should be able to invest in superior top quality insurance plan, though far more People in the usa who in the past was battling to have proper care will have increased usage of it, mind you connected with Medicaid or perhaps subsidized insurance plan on the health insurance deals.</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Obama Medical Expenses: Health care insurance Swaps</b></span></h4>
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One of the biggest improvements which President Obama's medical bill helps make to the present medical process will be the generation connected with "health insurance plan exchanges". These are on the web marketplaces wherever People in the usa could search for insurance plan at competitive rates. They could also get expense help from the deals to assist ensure almost all People in the usa can afford insurance plan.</div>
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<b>Obama's Healthcare Reform Expenses Introduction</b></h4>
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Most of us won't go into the details or perhaps propaganda connected with precisely why Obama's completely new medical bill is good or perhaps negative, yet simply condition one simple fact. Tired folks have to have medical. For a long time People in the usa get put off proper care or perhaps are actually decreased proper care a result of the climbing expense connected with insurance plan, while the medical sector provides ongoing in order to benefit at beyond rates. Whether or not the Cost-effective Health care Act is perfect arrives next in order to the fact that america required some sort of medical change in order to curtail the actual variation.</div>
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This reforms within President Obama's medical bill tend to be the initial step to locating a new stability involving a new intended for benefit medical process and process which places affected person proper care just before benefit. This non-public medical sector is not intending wherever and virtually any rhetoric claiming "ObamaCare is socialism" is usually a huge imprecise oversimplification with the genuine concerns.</div>
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This Obama Care's Medical bill's primary focus is in supplying affordable, top quality medical. This reforms connected with Obama's medical bill manage the actual insurance plan sector and helps you to handle countless People in the usa. While Obama's medical change is not best, Obama's medical bill a great move when it comes to managing the actual $2. 6 trillion greenback Us medical process.
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Obama's healthcare bill. Barack Obama Medical Expenses intended for Medical Reform in america This Obama Medical Expenses is Obama's health care bill connected with reforms towards the insurance plan sector. This Obama Medical Reform Expenses reform…

Things to note about the child's health

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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Things to note about the child's health</td></tr>
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<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Key points to remember</b></span></h4>
<ul>
<li>crying is normal - it's your baby's way of communicating</li>
<li>babies often need a lot of soothing and holding when they are very upset</li>
<li>play safe - pick up and comfort your baby</li>
<li>your baby won't develop bad habits or become spoilt if they are comforted and soothed</li>
<li>you can't always stop the crying but you can still comfort your baby</li>
<li>try different ways to settle your baby and give each one time to see if it works</li>
<li>you'll probably get a lot of advice - the best advice to take is usually what feels right to you</li>
</ul>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>The crying baby</b></span></h4>
Crying is normal and is the only way your baby can let you know that something is upsetting them and that they need you. When babies cry they may be:<br />
<ul>
<li>hungry</li>
<li>thirsty</li>
<li>too hot</li>
<li>too cold</li>
<li>unwell </li>
<li>in pain</li>
<li>over-tired, or</li>
<li>uncomfortable</li>
</ul>
<h4>
<b>They may have been startled and just need to be resettled by holding close and cuddling for a while.</b></h4>
There are some babies who cry a lot from the time they are born. They pull up their legs, clench their fists, go red in the face and become very distressed. The problem may be worse in the afternoons and evenings. Other babies may develop severe attacks of crying when they are a few weeks old. After six to eight weeks, these severe periods of crying usually become less intense and most babies become more settled at about four to five months old. But some babies may continue to cry for longer than that. If this happens, remember your baby has a lot of growing and developing to do and will eventually be able to stay calm for longer.<br />
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It can be worrying when your baby won't stop crying or has terrible attacks of crying, especially when you can't find what is wrong. Something is upsetting your baby but you may not be able to find out what it is. It's not necessary to ignore the crying because you can't find a reason for it. Your baby is not "being naughty", "getting spoiled" or  "trying to get their own way".<br />
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Babies often need a lot of soothing and holding when they are very upset. Some babies, especially those who are very alert and physically active, may need more help than others to settle. Babies will not develop bad habits or become spoilt if they are comforted and soothed when they are distressed.<br />
What to do<br />
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The following ideas will help with most babies. Try them and over time you will learn what works best for you. Give each strategy you use time to see if it works and try not to switch too quickly from one to another. Some things will work some times and not at others. When something doesn't appear to be working, it often helps to change your settling strategy and then go back and try it again a day or two later, or even a week or two later.<br />
<h4>
<b>Hold and comfort your baby</b></h4>
At this time in your baby's life, they are learning that they can trust you to meet their needs. The best way to do this when your bbay is crying is to hold them.<br />
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<ul>
<li>hold and comfort your crying baby if you can</li>
<li>hold your baby close and snuggled in to you. Try to keep your baby still</li>
<li>avoid constantly changing your baby from one position to another or continually picking up and putting them down</li>
<li>you can rock or sway gently, or walk around slowly with your baby if it helps, but avoid fast, frantic or rough movement. Remind yourself that you can't make your baby stop crying</li>
</ul>
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It's not always easy. Some babies push away and won't be held closely. If this happens, try holding your baby close but facing away from you and give them a chance to calm down.<br />
<h4>
<b>Use movement to calm your baby</b></h4>
<ul>
<li>pick up your crying baby. Carry, or gently rock your baby or use any kind of slow, rhythmical movement. Try not to do too many things at once. If you realise your are patting and jigging and shooshing and swaying all at the same time, try to slow down</li>
<li>try putting your baby in a pouch or sling. Walk around and see if you can get on with your daily routine</li>
<li>put your baby in a pram and walk around outside. First wrap your baby in a sheet or other wrap and then put the pram harness on. This will keep your baby safe and still while the pram is moving. Babies like the feel of a gentle breeze; they like to see the movement of trees and shadows but don't like the sun in their eyes. Go for a walk in a quiet place where you can feel more relaxed. Stay away from people who are likely to be critical of your baby's crying because their comments may increase your anxiety </li>
<li>use a bouncinette for short periods. Make sure to use the harness or belt and use the bouncinette on the floor, not on a table, or bench</li>
<li>you may like oto try going for a drive in the car in an attempt to settle your baby. Make sure your baby is in a child restraint approved for use in New Zealand (see fact sheet on Car seats on this website)</li>
</ul>
<h4>
<b>Try letting your baby suck on something</b></h4>
<ul>
<li>sucking can help calm your baby and reduce the crying. Let your baby suck on their fist, fingers or thumb. Try giving a dummy. One trick is to place the dummy just on your baby's lips - the lips will automatically latch on to the dummy. If your baby is breast-fed try to avoid giving a dummy during the first two to four weeks as it may affect your baby's suckling ability and have an effect on your milk supply</li>
<li>if breast feeding, try offering the breast. If formula feeding, try giving a drink of cool boiled water. Sometimes it might help to give the next feed a little earlier but try not to give formula more often than every three hours as this may encourage snacking or your baby using the bottle as a dummy</li>
</ul>
<h4>
<b>Give your baby a soothing bath</b></h4>
A bath may help your baby calm down. Some babies will relax and enjoy a bath but others will become tense and more distressed. Make sure to run the cold water first, then add hot water. Always check it isn't too hot before putting your baby in the water. Never leave your baby alone in the bath, even for a moment.<br />
Give your baby a gentle massage<br />
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Rub your baby's tummy gently and firmly in a circular clockwise motion. You can find more information about baby massage in most baby books.<br />
Try playing<br />
<br />
Try distracting your baby with a favourite toy. This will not work if your baby is very upset or overtired and may even make things worse. If it doesn't work, stop.<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>What to do when nothing seems to be working</b></span></h4>
It is very hard to cope with a baby who seems to be crying all the time.<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>you may feel helpless when your baby keeps on crying. Just think - it's not always easy for you to calm down if you're very upset. It's the same for your baby. Try to remember that you can't always stop the crying but you can still comfort your baby</li>
<li>tune in to your baby's cry. Don't let the distress become too great before you decide to comfort your baby. Take a few deep breaths first if it helps you to slow/calm down   </li>
<li>if your baby continues to cry and you are starting to feel desperate, put your baby down in a safe place and walk into another room for a short break, or if available, ask somebody to take over the settling for a while. Remember, you are doing the best you can. When you go back, you may find your baby is easier to calm </li>
</ul>
<br />
There is something called "the period of PURPLE crying" which refers to a time period when some babies begin crying more and may be hard to settle. This usually starts at about two weeks of age and peaks at eight weeks. It usually ends by 12 weeks of age. The letters in PURPLE stand for the common parts of non-stop crying in babies:<br />
<br />
<b>P</b> – peak pattern (crying peaks around two months of age, then decreases)<br />
<b>U</b> – unpredictable (crying can come and go for no reason)<br />
<b>R</b> – resistant to soothing (baby may keep crying no matter what you do to try to soothe them)<br />
<b>P</b> – pain-like look on baby's face<br />
<b>L</b> – long bouts of crying (crying can go on for hours)<br />
<b>E</b> – evening crying (baby cries more in the afternoon and evening)<br />
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Parents may feel guilty and angry if they can't soothe their baby. The period of PURPLE crying tells us that if a baby is not ill and parents have tried to soothe baby, it is alright if they cannot stop baby from crying. Some babies are going to cry no matter what. The good news is that the period of PURPLE crying will end!<br />
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At times you may feel you are failing at being a parent. Most parents feel like this at one time or another. It may be difficult to ask for help, but it's easier if someone can help you. Things will improve with time, but you have to survive in the meantime! It is important to look after and be kind to yourself.<br />
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You will probably get a lot of advice from many different people. This can be very confusing and you may wonder what to do. The best advice to take is usually what feels right to you. You may decide that the best thing to do is to pick up and cuddle your baby. Be prepared for well-meaning people to tell you that you are giving in and that your baby has got their own way. Be reassured that your baby is far too young to think like that.<br />
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If your baby is crying a lot and is fed on infant formula, friends or relatives may suggest you change this use medications or herbal preparations. You might like to talk to your doctor or Plunket nurse about this.<br />
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If the sound of your baby's crying changes or you think your baby may be sick, or have a physical problem, see your doctor or go to your local hospital.<br />
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Things to note about the child's health Key points to remember crying is normal - it's your baby's way of communicating babies often need a lot of soothing and holding when they are very upset play safe - pick up and comfort your baby your baby won'…